Integrated Project Delivery Method

At a Glance: IPD unites owner, architect, contractor, and engineers from day one for better outcomes: reduced waste, faster timelines, cost savings, and higher quality vs. traditional design-bid-build. 

What is Integrated Project Delivery?

To understand what integrated project delivery (IPD) is, it helps to first compare it to traditional methods like design-bid-build. In the conventional model, an architect leads the project design with input from the client, while engineers and contractors join the process much later — often when most major decisions have already been made.

For example, during the schematic design phase, only the owner, architect, and civil engineer are typically involved. In the design development phase, M.E.P. (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) engineers are added, but their input is limited because critical decisions are already set. By the time construction documents are created, the structural engineer finalizes the design with little opportunity to make impactful suggestions. Only then does the project go out to bid, often leading to costly surprises and delays.

By contrast, the integrated project delivery method brings all major stakeholders together from day one. The kick-off meeting typically includes:

• The ownership team
• An owner’s representative
• Architect and structural engineer
• M.E.P. engineers
• Civil engineer
• Landscape architect
• Contractor

This approach creates a collaborative environment where input is gathered early, and disciplines work in sync throughout schematic design, design development, and construction documentation. The result: fewer surprises, smarter decisions, and better outcomes.

By involving all key stakeholders from the start, IPD fosters a collaborative environment that encourages innovative solutions and holistic problem-solving. This collaborative approach not only enhances the quality of the design but also ensures that all potential issues are addressed early, minimizing costly changes and delays during construction.

“First and foremost, the integrated approach minimizes conflicts (and associated delays) commonly associated with traditional project delivery methods. Through transparent communication and alignment of project goals, we ensure smoother workflows and faster decision-making processes.” – Symmetry Companies

Integrated Project Delivery Pros and Cons

The pros of this method are profound. The two biggest positives are that you get pricing updates along the way, and that you discover issues earlier rather than later. These benefits are extremely valuable for the owner. First, with the budget being updated while changes are made, the client can weigh their wishes against reality quicker than with any other design system. Second, all the components that make up a building affect one another. For example, the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) system you use might affect the need for solar panels, geothermal systems, and how your building is insulated. If these decisions are not brought up until later in the game or, at worst, are not coordinated with each other, you just created a more expensive and a less efficient building. When weighing the pros and cons of each system you are going to use in your building, you will benefit from the specific knowledge each specialist can bring.

Another significant advantage of IPD is the enhanced communication and teamwork it promotes. With all parties involved from the outset, there is a better understanding of each discipline’s requirements and constraints, leading to more cohesive and integrated solutions. This can result in higher quality outcomes, as each team member is fully invested in the project’s success and works collaboratively to achieve common goals.

Moreover, the continuous feedback loop in IPD allows for real-time adjustments and refinements. This dynamic approach means that design and construction issues are identified and resolved promptly, reducing the risk of rework and delays. The ability to make informed decisions quickly is particularly beneficial in complex projects where time and cost efficiency are critical.

The con of this method is that you are going to be paying more money upfront. You will have to pay the contractor and the other professionals to show up from the beginning. A good rule of thumb is if your construction costs are going to be greater than $5,000,000, you should strongly consider the Integrated Project Delivery Method. The money you spend upfront will be well worth it in the savings you get from figuring out the hard issues earlier.

Of course, issues will and can always happen, but think about it: this method could reduce your contingency fund for unknown or uncovered issues from 10% to 5% of the construction budget. The upfront investment in collaboration and integrated planning can significantly reduce the risk of unforeseen complications and budget overruns.

“The open communication between the trades has allowed us to navigate some complex problems with a team effort that feels natural and productive. Having all trades together early in the process has not only created a team process, but allowed a level of open communication that has been instrumental in solving some of the design project challenges. The key to being efficient is often good communication. Having all trades working together from the start has provided a forum where the risk of re-work and re-design has been significantly decreased.” – Darren Johnston Kronus Engineering

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Managing Integrated Project Delivery

Typically, Integrated Project Delivery is managed differently, and how it is managed depends on the current skills of the developer. Like every company, a developer or owner will have strengths and weaknesses. The key in managing Integrated Project Delivery is to align themselves with an Owner’s Representative (Owner’s Rep.) who complements them.

For example, the owners might be developers who manage the design and site plan review process well. This means they can assemble the team, know the city code they are building in, and are aware of the process from start to permit. What they will want to do is hire an owner’s rep. with construction knowledge to help them identify key cost issues, review important details, and ensure everything on the construction side is getting proper attention.

If, on the other hand, they are well-versed in their business but not in the process of developing real estate, then they will want an owner’s rep who is familiar with managing the design and site plan review process, assembling the team, and knowing the city codes they are building in. If you don’t know which fits you, contact an architect you can trust and ask them what team they would assemble for you for an Integrated Project Delivery Method.

The Owner’s Rep plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between the client and the project team. They ensure that the owner’s interests are represented throughout the project and that the project stays on track in terms of scope, budget, and schedule.

Is Integrated Project Delivery the Same as Design-Build?

No! But I won’t leave it at that. Design-build, in its true sense, should be led by either an architecture firm that also builds projects or by a construction company that has architects in-house. Beware of construction companies that say they are design-build when they really just hire a freelance architect to do the design work. This arrangement is typically cheap on design and expensive on construction. Feel free to ask if their architect is in-house. If they waffle or don’t give a concise answer, ask if the architect has a desk in the office or works remotely. If they work remotely, that is a red flag.

What Are the Four Types of Project Delivery Methods?

Understanding the different models helps clarify why IPD is unique. Here are the four common types of project delivery methods:

• Design-Bid-Build – Traditional method where design and construction are separate, sequential processes.
• Design-Build – A single entity handles both design and construction, often sacrificing checks and balances for speed.
• Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR) – The CM provides preconstruction advice and guarantees a maximum price.
• Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) – All major players collaborate from the start under shared goals, contracts, and incentives.

Conclusion

The integrated project delivery method is ideal for owners seeking high-value outcomes, reduced risk, and collaborative innovation. While the initial investment is higher, the returns — in cost savings, quality, and speed — often make it the superior choice for complex or large-scale work.

If you’re exploring this model and want help assembling the right IPD team, we’d love to talk.

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